DRIFT
Technology

A ship that makes
more energy
than it uses
.

Sails drive the ship. Turbines under the hull turn that motion into electricity. An onboard electrolyser banks it as green hydrogen — and the whole fleet is routed to wherever the wind is strongest.

GOLDILOCKS, the routing model

A DRIFT vessel under way on all four wing-sails, solar deck and twin hulls visible
2,774
W/m² of apparent wind power at the rig, under way
Modelled
1,500
vessel parameters solved at every point on a polar
Modelled
<2%
of the North Atlantic year is unusable weather
Modelled
2460m
demonstrator, then the first commercial vessel
Programme
The pillars

Four pillars of DRIFT, and how we are validating them.

Each is an existing technology being pushed into new operating conditions and configurations, requiring modelling and validation.

  1. CAD profile of a DRIFT vessel: two tall aerofoil rigs over a long slender hull, with the foil and the shaft-mounted turbine below the waterline
    The rig
    validated with Cape Horn

    Large sail area, small platform.

    The generation target sets the sail area, not a passage speed — and that area has to stand on a relatively small platform. It is a configuration conventional sailing practice does not offer, so air flow is modelled to understand the interactions around the rigs.

    • Sail area — sized for the power the turbines have to make
    • Platform — a slender hull carrying an area drawn for generation
    • Configuration — no existing practice has a precedent for it
    The CFD the rigs are modelled in
  2. Computational fluid dynamics render of a three-bladed DRIFT hydro-turbine on its shaft, showing the pressure field around the blades
    The turbine
    validated with RISE

    Open flow, on a moving hull.

    They may visually resemble propellers, but the underlying physics is fundamentally different. Propellers are designed to deliver power, and fixed turbines are much less sensitive to the impacts of drag. A mobile hydro-turbine is a very specific engineering challenge, where managing drag and achieving the optimal balance is key to a high-performance, energy-generating ship.

    • RISE — Sweden's state-owned research institute, since Oct 2024
    • Blade numbers, shapes, pitch angles — swept in RISE's own CFD
    • Drag against hub power — for a harmonious turbine-vessel system
    The turbine collaboration
  3. A rack of dozens of identical Enapter AEM electrolyser modules in a containerised plant, with pipework and valves down one side and a person at it for scale
    The plant
    marinised with Enapter

    Electrolysis, at sea state.

    Every commercial electrolyser on the market assumes a concrete floor, clean feedwater and a steady supply. A ship offers none of the three. Marinisation is the work of adapting the materials and components of the unit for the marine environment — tailored to withstand vessel motions, and delivered in a form factor suitable for ship installation.

    • AEM — anion exchange membrane stacks, Enapter, Mar 2026
    • Modular — a platform chosen for scalability, with redundancy inbuilt
    • Certification — classification societies engaged; first marine-ready unit 2027
    The Enapter agreement
  4. Map of the North Atlantic overlaid with several thousand candidate vessel tracks fanning out from a dense core off the Irish coast
    The route
    developed with Faculty

    Several moves ahead, not one.

    Faculty was asked for something narrower than a navigation aid: given a forecast, maximise the rate of energy generation over a fixed window. Their own description is a chess player reading a board — the strongest wind three days out is worth crossing weak wind to reach, and a greedy route arrives in the wrong ocean.

    • Objective — energy harvested, not passage time or fuel burn
    • Horizon — several time-steps ahead, not the next best move
    • Constraint — the return leg, timed to the filling tank
    Faculty on the routing model

The CFD the ship is validated in.

DRIFT's first energy-harvesting ship is tested in Computational Fluid Dynamics with Cape Horn Engineering Ltd — the whole vessel at once, because hull, rigs and turbine influence each other's performance in the water. The models are accurate enough to predict vessel performance and to settle design decisions against it.

CFD still: coloured streamlines bending around all four of the vessel's aerofoil rigs
PLAY

Computational Fluid Dynamics by Cape Horn Engineering Ltd.

Where this lands: the cost model
The hardware

Named kit, not concepts.

Technical render of MVY, the DRIFT vessel, showing the four aerofoil rigs and twin hulls
Rig

Four aerofoil rigs. The sail area is set by the power the turbines have to make rather than by a passage speed, which puts a large area on a relatively small platform — a configuration conventional practice has no precedent for, and the reason the CFD is run on the whole ship at once rather than rig by rig.

Generation

Open-flow hydro-turbines on shafts beneath the hull, converting boat speed into electrical power. Baseline blade geometry co-designed with RISE and moving into detailed design and manufacture through 2026.

Feedwater

Desalination on board. The electrolyser splits fresh water, so seawater has to be made fit for the stack before anything else in the chain can run — one of the reasons the plant is a plant rather than a box.

Conversion

Megawatt-class Anion Exchange Membrane electrolyser, marinised with Enapter. Electricity in, green hydrogen out, with no shore-side plant anywhere in the chain.

Compression

Hydrogen is compressed to storage pressure before it goes into the cylinders. Output pressure is a design variable, not a fixed number: it trades parasitic load against how much gas a cylinder holds.

Storage

Green hydrogen, stored in compressed gas cylinder.

Electrical

Battery buffer for hotel load, so the ship runs its own systems off what it makes and the electrolyser sees a smoother input than the weather delivers.

Control

Controllable-pitch turbines with azimuth and torque vectoring, autonomous wing-sail trim, and rudder movements used as the cheapest available way to trim apparent wind. All of it driven by one processor — see the stack.

Platform

A 24-metre demonstrator, now a 60-metre commercial vessel, using the same architecture drawn from the superyacht market.

Class

RINA Approval in Principle, 2026 — the first for an energy-harvesting ship design, and a step towards full plan approval rather than a substitute for it.

Full vessel particulars — dimensions, ratings, tank capacity and rated plant power — are not published here. Request them through investor relations.

The physics

Lower to the water, and still in more wind.

A DRIFT rig stands 40 metres. An offshore turbine stands 100, where the wind is stronger. On true wind speed alone we lose that comparison — and we lose it on purpose, because a moving ship makes its own wind.

  • 1,592Fixed turbine, 100m — mean
  • 1,542DRIFT true wind, 40m — mean, and lower
  • 2,774DRIFT apparent wind, 40m — mean

Standing still, our rig sees 3% less wind power than the turbine above it. Under way, it sees 74% more, and all of it is that long flat tail on the right. Modelled

Wind power density scales with the cube of wind speed, so small gains in speed compound hard. A DRIFT vessel sails across the wind rather than sitting in it, and its own speed adds to the wind it feels — the apparent wind every sailor works with. Measured in speed rather than power, the rig ends up in more than 30% more wind than the fixed tower it is being compared against.

  • 22.6 kts — mean true wind at the turbine, 100m
  • 24.4 kts — mean true wind at the vessel, 40m, once it is free to move
  • 29.5 kts — mean apparent wind at the rig, the figure that does the work

One year of ERA5 reanalysis, 2022, against a fixed point off the west coast of Scotland — same start and finish point as the turbine it is compared with. Height-scaled so a 40m rig and a 100m tower can be compared honestly.

One number decides the ship: LCoH.

Capacity factor and annual energy production pull against each other through the turbine's rated power — raise the rating and total energy goes up while capacity factor goes down, so neither can be maximised alone. Everything below is balanced against a single target instead: the lowest levelised cost of a kilogram of hydrogen. Every variable in the tree carries its own datapoints behind it, rather than an assumption.

01 · Vessel design

Hull formDisplacement · multihull configuration · slenderness ratio · volume for payload · keel · rudders · general arrangement · manoeuvrability · dockage
Sail planSail area · aero performance · automation and handling · interaction with the hull · placement on hull · reefing and furling · target climate · port access
TurbineEfficiency · fixed or variable pitch · size · placement · power take-off · gearbox · generator type · maintenance access
H₂ plantRated power · efficiency · output pressure · storage type · payload · battery backup · fuel cell hotel load · desalination · marinisation

02 · Performance

StructuralScantlings layout · bulkhead layout · material specification · fire cladding · global load assessment · midship section
HydrostaticsIntact stability · damage stability · seakeeping · maximum sea state · seasickness index
DragVessel drag optimisation · appendage drag · vibration · turbine and appendage cavitation
VPPTrue-wind-angle polar performance · righting moments · helm angles · leeway · heel and trim · drag coefficients

03 · Routing

WindsClimate averages · long, mid and short-range forecasts · wind gradient · wind distribution · gusting · micro-climates
WavesWave forecasts · significant wave height · combined wave heights · wave periods · wave direction
CurrentsCurrents · tidal forecasts · wind over tide
PortsPort choice · voyage duration · operating location

04 · Economics

CapitalCAPEX · classification requirement · modularity for later upgrades
OperatingOPEX · crew accommodation · ships systems · fire and safety regulation · repair and maintenance
RevenueVolumes · hydrogen pricing · time
OutLevelised cost of hydrogen — the one figure every column above is traded against

Want to know where we are with our commercial offering?

Request the investor pack
Diligence

The five questions engineers ask.

Ben Medland, Founder and CEO of DRIFT Energy
Ben Medland · Founder & CEO
If the turbine slows the ship, where is the optimum?

Not at maximum turbine efficiency and not at maximum boat speed. Power at the hub and drag on the hull are solved together across the whole polar, because extraction that costs a knot costs the rig apparent wind, and apparent wind is cubed on its way back into power.

It is why the turbine is rated to the wind speeds the ship will actually spend its year in — around 24 knots in the North Atlantic — rather than to the strongest wind it will ever see.

What actually breaks when you put an electrolyser on a ship?

Three things at once: saltwater corrodes the materials, vessel motion loads components that were designed to sit still, and the power input follows the weather rather than a schedule. Marinisation is the work of adapting materials and components for that environment, with Enapter.

The AEM stacks were chosen partly for in-built redundancy, so a cell failure at sea is a derate rather than a stoppage, and partly because the modules scale across hulls without a redesign each time.

Where does the fresh water come from?

Desalination on board. The electrolyser splits fresh water, so feedwater production sits inside the plant and carries its own parasitic load, alongside compression to storage pressure and the ship's own hotel load.

All three are inside the levelised cost, not outside it. A yield figure that ignores what the plant spends on itself is not a yield figure.

What happens when the forecast is wrong?

The route is re-solved every one to six hours against the current picture, so an error has hours to be corrected rather than a voyage. The routing model plans several time-steps ahead, which means it is already carrying alternatives rather than committed to one wind field.

The floor underneath that is the weather ceiling itself: less than 2% of the North Atlantic year is unusable — wind over 40 knots or waves over 5 metres — and a mobile asset spends most of that leaving rather than waiting.

Which of these numbers are actually proven?

Every figure on this page is labelled. Validated means a third party signed it. Modelled means DRIFT analysis. Target means a number the fleet is being built to hit, not one it has hit.

Nothing on this page has been measured at commercial scale, because no commercial-scale hull exists yet. Every figure's basis is named where the figure is. Ask us for the derivation of any of them.

The other half

And that is only the ship. An AI routing algorithm decides where it goes.

Everything above is a machine for turning wind into hydrogen. What tells it which wind to go and find — several time-steps ahead, and back to the quay as the tank fills — is GOLDILOCKS, and it has a page of its own.

GOLDILOCKS, the routing model